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1.
Med. leg. Costa Rica ; 39(1)mar. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386306

ABSTRACT

Resumen La lesión de la arteria intercostal es un diagnóstico diferencial poco sospechado. Puede complicarse con una inestabilidad hemodinámica por un hemotórax o un hematoma intratorácico, lo que contribuye a su morbilidad y mortalidad. Se reporta el caso de un paciente de 61 años sin antecedentes patológicos conocidos que acudió al servicio de urgencias por dolor asociado a dificultad respiratoria posterior a un trauma torácico cerrado por caída de 8 días de evolución. Los estudios de imagen revelaron un hemotórax derecho, que ameritó la colocación de un tubo pleural. Se realizó una laparotomía exploratoria sin evidencia de hemorragias ni colecciones intrabdominales, y que posteriormente falleció. En el examen de necropsia se evidenciaron fracturas del noveno y décimo arco costal posterior derecho, asociado a un hematoma. El hemotórax secundario a la lesión de la arteria intercostal es poco frecuente, pero es una emergencia que requiere un diagnóstico asertivo y una intervención oportuna.


Abstract Intercostal artery injury is a poorly suspected differential diagnosis. It can be complicated by hemodynamic instability due to hemothorax or intrathoracic hematoma, which contributes to morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a 61-year-old patient with no pathological history known, who was presented to the emergency department for pain associated with respiratory distress following a blunt chest trauma due to a fall 8 days earlier. The Imaging studies revealed a right hemothorax, which required the placement of a pleural tube. An exploratory laparotomy was performed without evidence of bleeding or intra-abdominal collections, and he subsequently died. The necropsy examination revealed fractures of the ninth and tenth right posterior costal arch, associated with a posterior costal hematoma. The hemothorax that is secondary to an intercostal artery injury is rare, but it is an emergency that requires assertive diagnosis and timely intervention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hemothorax/diagnosis , Intercostal Nerves/pathology , Panama , Shock, Hemorrhagic
2.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 49: e20223300, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394609

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify variables related to pleural complications in patients undergoing tube thoracostomies due to traumatic injuries. Method: we conducted a prospective observational study from May/2019 to January/2021 including adult trauma patients submitted to tube thoracostomies after hospital admission. Patients undergoing thoracotomies as the initial treatment were not included. We excluded patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis during the hospitalization. Pleural complications were defined as clotted hemothorax, residual pneumothorax and empyema. Students t, Mann Whitneys, Chi square and Fishers exact test were used to compare variables between groups. We considered p<0.05 as significant. Results: we analyzed 68 patients. The mean age was 36.0 + 12.6 years and 91.2% were male. The mean RTS and ISS were, respectively, 7.0 ± 1.6 and 15.9 ± 7.6. The most frequent trauma mechanism was stab wounds in 50.0%, followed by blunt trauma in 38.2%. The severity of thoracic injuries was stratified (AIS) as 2 (4.4%), 3 (80.9%), 4 (13.2%), e 5 (1.5%). Pleural complications happened in 14 (20.5%) patients, being clotted / residual hemothorax (11.8%), residual pneumothorax (4.4%), empyema (2.9%) and miscellaneous (1.4%). These patients were treated by thoracoscopy (5), thoracotomy (3), chest re-drainage (3) and clinical measures alone (3). There was a significant association between pleural complications with the time of permanence (p<0,001) and the necessity of relocation (p<0,001) of the drain. Conclusion: the predictors of pleural complications in this series were time of permanence and the necessity of relocation of the drain.


RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as variáveis relacionadas às complicações pleurais em vítimas de trauma submetidas a drenagem torácica. Método: estudo observacional prospectivo entre maio/2019 e janeiro/2021, incluindo adultos submetidos a drenagem torácica após a admissão hospitalar para tratamento de lesões traumáticas. Pacientes que desenvolveram COVID19 foram excluídos. As complicações pleurais foram caracterizadas como: pneumotórax residual, hemotórax residual / coagulado e empiema pleural. Comparamos as variáveis coletadas entre os grupos de pacientes com e sem estas complicações. Os testes t de Student, Mann Whitney, Chi quadrado e Fisher foram utilizados para análise estatística. Foram considerados significativos valores de p<0,05. Resultados: analisamos 68 casos, com média etária de 36,0 + 12,6 anos, de RTS de 7,0 ± 1,6 e ISS de 15,9 ± 7,6, sendo 62 (91,2%) do sexo masculino. Trinta e quatro pacientes (50,0%) foram vítimas de ferimento por arma branca. O AIS das lesões torácicas foi classificado como 2 (4,4%), 3 (80,9%), 4 (13,2%), e 5 (1,5%). As complicações pleurais ocorreram em 14 casos (20,5%), sendo hemotórax residual / coagulado em 8 casos (11,8%), pneumotórax residual em 3 (4,4%), o empiema pleural em 2 (2,9%) e associações em 1 (1,4%). Estas complicações foram tratadas por videotoracoscopia (5 casos), toracotomia (3), redrenagem de tórax (3) e medidas clínicas apenas (3). A redrenagem de tórax (p<0,001) e o tempo de permanência do dreno (p<0,001) tiveram relação significativa com a presença de complicações pleurais. Conclusão: a redrenagem do tórax e o maior tempo de permanência do dreno foram associados às complicações pleurais.

3.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 60(3): e1147, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1347386

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Dentro de la atención al lesionado con trauma torácico se cuenta con varios medios diagnósticos, entre ellos la evaluación por ecografía focalizada en trauma extendido a tórax, el cual ha mostrado una alta sensibilidad, aun realizado por médicos no radiólogos como cirujanos generales, emergencistas e intensivistas. Objetivo: Determinar la utilidad de la ecografía torácica extendida realizada por cirujanos en lesionados con traumatismo torácico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de evaluación de pruebas diagnósticas con un diseño transversal, en 1052 pacientes ingresados en la sala de emergencia. Se les realizó la evaluación por ecografía torácica extendida en el Hospital Universitario "General Calixto García", durante el período comprendido entre enero de 2020 y febrero de 2021. Resultados: Fueron realizados en un periodo de 1 año un total de 1052 ultrasonidos torácicos, 221 casos fueron positivos, de ellos 81 neumotórax (7,7 por ciento) y 62 hemoneumotórax (5,9 por ciento) todos confirmados por tomografía de tórax. La edad promedio fue de 45,27 (18-97), el sexo masculino prevaleció con 772 casos (73,4 por ciento). Los mecanismos productores de trauma más frecuentes fueron: caída de altura 273 casos (26 por ciento) y trauma contuso 181 casos (17,2 por ciento). La ecografía torácica extendida obtuvo una sensibilidad de un 95,24 por ciento y una especificidad de 99,88 por ciento en el diagnóstico lesiones torácicas. Conclusiones: La ecografía torácica extendida demostró que en manos de los cirujanos generales es una herramienta confiable, segura, no invasiva, poco costosa, repetible, que permite diagnosticar rápidamente lesiones torácicas y tratarlas(AU)


Introduction: Within care for the injured patient with thoracic trauma there are several diagnostic means. For example, extended focused assessment with sonography for thoracic trauma has shown high sensitivity, even when performed by non-radiologists such as general surgeons, emergency specialists and intensivists. Objective: To determine the usefulness of extended thoracic sonography performed by surgeons on injured patients with thoracic trauma. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of diagnostic tests assessment was carried out in 1052 patients admitted to the emergency room. They were assessed by extended thoracic sonography at General Calixto García University Hospital, during the period between January 2020 and February 2021. Results: A total of 1052 thoracic ultrasounds were performed in a period of one year, of which 221 cases were positive. Of them, 81 were pneumothorax (7.7 percent) and 62 were hemopneumothorax (5.9 percent), all confirmed by chest tomography. The average age was 45.27 (18-97). The male sex prevailed, with 772 cases (73.4 percent). The most frequent trauma-producing mechanisms were altitude fall, accounting for 273 cases (26 percent), and blunt trauma, accounting for 181 cases (17.2 percent). Extended thoracic ultrasound showed a sensitivity of 95.24 percent and a specificity of 99.88 percent in the diagnosis of thoracic injuries. Conclusions: Extended thoracic ultrasound showed that, in the hands of general surgeons, it is a reliable, safe, noninvasive, inexpensive and repeatable tool that allows rapid diagnosis and treatment of thoracic injuries(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracic Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography/methods , Emergency Service, Hospital , Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma/methods , Hemopneumothorax/diagnostic imaging , Tomography/adverse effects , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Diagnostic Tests, Routine/methods , Observational Studies as Topic
4.
Medisan ; 25(4)2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1340211

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El trauma torácico se encuentra entre las primeras causas de muerte, fundamentalmente en personas jóvenes. Objetivos: Caracterizar a una población operada por traumatismos torácicos según variables clinicoepidemiológicas y describir los hallazgos tomográficos posquirúrgicos. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional y descriptivo de 48 pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Radiología del Provincial Clínico-Quirúrgico Docente Saturnino Lora de Santiago de Cuba, de enero del 2016 a diciembre del 2018, a los cuales se les realizó tomografía computarizada multidetector. Resultados: Los traumas torácicos predominaron en personas jóvenes del sexo masculino, asociadas fundamentalmente a acciones violentas que provocaron traumas abiertos. La contusión pulmonar resultó ser el hallazgo tomográfico inicial más frecuente, en tanto, el neumotórax persistente y el hemotórax coagulado constituyeron los hallazgos tomográficos más influyentes en la decisión de una reintervención quirúrgica. Conclusiones: La tomografía es un medio diagnóstico que permite una descripción detallada del estado posoperatorio de los órganos afectados, con un alto valor orientativo para decidir procedimientos quirúrgicos posteriores.


Introduction: The thoracic trauma is among the first causes of death, fundamentally in young people. Objectives: To characterize a population operated due to thoracic trauma according to clinical epidemiological variables and describe the postsurgical tomographic findings. Methods: An observational and descriptive study of 48 patients assisted in the Radiology Service of Saturnino Lora Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, from January, 2016 to December, 2018, to whom a multidetector computed tomography was carried out. Results: The thoracic traumas prevailed in young male people, fundamentally associated with violent actions that caused open traumas. The lung contusion was the most frequent initial tomographic finding, as long as, the persistent pneumothorax and the coagulated hemothorax constituted the most influential tomographic findings in the decision of a surgical reintervention. Conclusions: Tomography is a diagnostic means that allows a detailed description of the postoperative state in the affected organs, with a high orientative value to decide later surgical procedures.


Subject(s)
Thoracic Injuries/surgery , Thoracic Injuries/epidemiology , Multidetector Computed Tomography , Pneumothorax/surgery , Thoracic Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Hemothorax/surgery
5.
Colomb. med ; 52(2): e4034519, Apr.-June 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1249645

ABSTRACT

Abstract Definitive management of hemodynamically stable patients with penetrating cardiac injuries remains controversial between those who propose aggressive invasive care versus those who opt for a less invasive or non-operative approach. This controversy even extends to cases of hemodynamically unstable patients in which damage control surgery is thought to be useful and effective. The aim of this article is to delineate our experience in the surgical management of penetrating cardiac injuries via the creation of a clear and practical algorithm that includes basic principles of damage control surgery. We recommend that all patients with precordial penetrating injuries undergo trans-thoracic ultrasound screening as an integral component of their initial evaluation. In those patients who arrive hemodynamically stable but have a positive ultrasound, a pericardial window with lavage and drainage should follow. We want to emphasize the importance of the pericardial lavage and drainage in the surgical management algorithm of these patients. Before this concept, all positive pericardial windows ended up in an open chest exploration. With the coming of the pericardial lavage and drainage procedure, the reported literature and our experience have shown that 25% of positive pericardial windows do not benefit and/or require further invasive procedures. However, in hemodynamically unstable patients, damage control surgery may still be required to control ongoing bleeding. For this purpose, we propose a surgical management algorithm that includes all of these essential clinical aspects in the care of these patients.


Resumen El manejo definitivo de los pacientes hemodinámicamente estables con heridas cardíacas penetrantes continúa siendo controversial con abordajes invasivos versus manejos conservadores. Estas posiciones contrarias se extienden hasta aquellos casos de pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables donde se ha descrito y considerado la cirugía de control de daños como un procedimiento útil y efectivo. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la experiencia en el manejo quirúrgico de heridas cardíacas penetrantes con la creación de un algoritmo práctico que incluye los principios básicos del control de daños. Se recomienda que a todos los pacientes con heridas precordiales penetrantes se les debe realizar un ultrasonido torácico como componente integral de la evaluación inicial. Aquellos que presenten un ultrasonido torácico positivo y se encuentren hemodinámicamente estables se les debe realizar una ventana pericárdica con posterior lavado. Se ha demostrado que el 25% de las ventanas pericárdicas positivas no se benefician ni requieren de posteriores abordajes quirúrgicos invasivos. Antes de este concepto, todos los pacientes con ventana pericárdica positiva terminaban en una exploración abierta del tórax y del pericárdico. Los pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables requieren de una cirugía de control de daños para un adecuado y oportuno control del sangrado. Con este propósito, se propone un algoritmo de manejo quirúrgico que incluye todos estos aspectos esenciales en el abordaje de este grupo de pacientes.

6.
Colomb. med ; 52(2): e4054611, Apr.-June 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339737

ABSTRACT

Abstract Thoracic vascular trauma is associated with high mortality and is the second most common cause of death in patients with trauma following head injuries. Less than 25% of patients with a thoracic vascular injury arrive alive to the hospital and more than 50% die within the first 24 hours. Thoracic trauma with the involvement of the great vessels is a surgical challenge due to the complex and restricted anatomy of these structures and its association with adjacent organ damage. This article aims to delineate the experience obtained in the surgical management of thoracic vascular injuries via the creation of a practical algorithm that includes basic principles of damage control surgery. We have been able to show that the early application of a resuscitative median sternotomy together with a zone 1 resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in hemodynamically unstable patients with thoracic outlet vascular injuries improves survival by providing rapid stabilization of central aortic pressure and serving as a bridge to hemorrhage control. Damage control surgery principles should also be implemented when indicated, followed by definitive repair once the correction of the lethal diamond has been achieved. To this end, we have developed a six-step management algorithm that illustrates the surgical care of patients with thoracic outlet vascular injuries according to the American Association of the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) classification.


Resumen El trauma vascular torácico está asociado con una alta mortalidad y es la segunda causa más común de muerte en pacientes con trauma después del trauma craneoencefálico. Se estima que menos del 25% de los pacientes con una lesión vascular torácica alcanzan a llegar con vida para recibir atención hospitalaria y más del 50% fallecen en las primeras 24 horas. El trauma torácico penetrante con compromiso de los grandes vasos es un problema quirúrgico dado a su severidad y la asociación con lesiones a órganos adyacentes. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la experiencia en el manejo quirúrgico de las lesiones del opérculo torácico con la creación de un algoritmo de manejo quirúrgico en seis pasos prácticos de seguir basados en la clasificación de la AAST. que incluye los principios básicos del control de daños. La esternotomía mediana de resucitación junto con la colocación de un balón de resucitación de oclusión aortica (Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta - REBOA) en zona 1 permiten un control primario de la hemorragia y mejoran la sobrevida de los pacientes con trauma del opérculo torácico e inestabilidad hemodinámica.

7.
Colomb. med ; 52(2): e4044683, Apr.-June 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1278942

ABSTRACT

Abstract Damage control techniques applied to the management of thoracic injuries have evolved over the last 15 years. Despite the limited number of publications, information is sufficient to scatter some fears and establish management principles. The severity of the anatomical injury justifies the procedure of damage control in only few selected cases. In most cases, the magnitude of the physiological derangement and the presence of other sources of bleeding within the thoracic cavity or in other body compartments constitutes the indication for the abbreviated procedure. The classification of lung injuries as peripheral, transfixing, and central or multiple, provides a guideline for the transient bleeding control and for the definitive management of the injury: pneumorraphy, wedge resection, tractotomy or anatomical resection, respectively. Identification of specific patterns such as the need for resuscitative thoracotomy, or aortic occlusion, the existence of massive hemothorax, a central lung injury, a tracheobronchial injury, a major vascular injury, multiple bleeding sites as well as the recognition of hypothermia, acidosis or coagulopathy, constitute the indication for a damage control thoracotomy. In these cases, the surgeon executes an abbreviated procedure with packing of the bleeding surfaces, primary management with packing of some selected peripheral or transfixing lung injuries, and the postponement of lung resection, clamping of the pulmonary hilum in the most selective way possible. The abbreviation of the thoracotomy closure is achieved by suturing the skin over the wound packed, or by installing a vacuum system. The management of the patient in the intensive care unit will allow identification of those who require urgent reintervention and the correction of the physiological derangement in the remaining patients for their scheduled reintervention and definitive management.


Resumen Las técnicas de control de daños aplicadas al manejo de lesiones torácicas han evolucionado en los últimos 15 años. A pesar de que el número de publicaciones es limitado, la información es suficiente para desvirtuar algunos temores y establecer los principios de manejo. La severidad del compromiso anatómico justifica el procedimiento de control de daños solamente en algunos casos. En la mayoría, la magnitud del deterioro fisiológico y la presencia de otras fuentes de sangrado dentro del tórax o en otros compartimientos corporales constituyen la indicación del procedimiento abreviado. La clasificación de la lesión pulmonar como periférica, transfixiante y central o múltiple, proporciona una pauta para el control transitorio del sangrado y para el manejo definitivo de la lesión: neumorrafía, resección en cuña, tractotomía o resecciones anatómicas, respectivamente. La identificación de ciertos patrones como la necesidad de toracotomía de reanimación o de oclusión aórtica, la existencia de un hemotórax masivo, de una lesión pulmonar central, una lesión traqueobronquial o una lesión vascular mayor, así como el reconocimiento de hipotermia, acidosis o coagulopatía, constituyen la indicación de una toracotomía de control de daños. En estos casos, el cirujano concluye de manera abreviada los procedimientos con empaquetamiento de las superficies sangrantes, el manejo primario con empaquetamiento de algunas lesiones pulmonares periféricas o transfixiante seleccionadas y el aplazamiento de la resección pulmonar, pinzando el hilio de la manera más selectiva posible. La abreviación del cierre de la toracotomía se logra con la sutura de la piel sobre el empaquetamiento de la herida, o mediante la instalación de un sistema de presión negativa. El manejo del paciente en cuidados intensivos permitirá identificar aquellos que requieren reintervención urgente y corregir la alteración fisiológica de los restantes para su reoperación programada y manejo definitivo.

8.
Rev. méd. hered ; 32(1): 37-41, ene-mar 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251961

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La equinococosis es una infección zoonótica causada por el cestodo del género Echinococcus, endémica en muchas regiones del Perú. Los quistes hidatídicos habitualmente se ubican en el hígado y pulmón, siendo infrecuente tanto su localización en otros órganos como la hidatidosis múltiple. La mayoría de ellos son asintomáticos y de hallazgo incidental, aunque también pueden ocurrir complicaciones, como su ruptura espontánea o traumática que tiene una mínima incidencia (3-17%), siendo insólito que se dé hacia el tórax. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con ruptura de quistes hidatídicos hepáticos hacia la cavidad pleural, por traumatismo tóraco-abdominal, que al constituir una presentación excepcional de la patología originó dificultades en su reconocimiento inicial teniéndose como diagnóstico diferencial un hemotórax masivo. Este finalmente fue superado por la revisión de imágenes tomográficas con las que se concluyó una hidatidosis hepática complicada.


SUMMARY Cystic hydatidosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the cestode Echinococcus, which is endemic in many regions of Peru. Hydatid cysts are usually located in the liver and lungs, locations elsewhere are rare as well as multiple hydatidosis. Most of the hydatid cysts are asymptomatic and are found incidentally. Rare complications may arise such as spontaneous or traumatic rupture (3-17%), it is very infrequent that the hydatid cyst rupture towards the chest wall. We present a case of a patient who suffered the rupture of hepatic cysts into the pleural cavity after an abdominal-chest trauma, the rarity of this event made the identification of the problem more difficult to be confused with massive hemothorax. Careful review of the CT-Scan images allowed to reach the correct diagnsosis.

9.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 72(5): 434-440, oct. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138735

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El hemotórax masivo (HM) se puede definir como el acúmulo súbito de ≥ 1.500 ml de sangre en la cavidad pleural o débito ≥ 200 ml/h de sangre en 3-4 h por pleurotomía; es considerada una complicación traumática grave. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, índices de gravedad de traumatismo (IGT), morbilidad y variables asociadas a mortalidad en pacientes con hemotórax masivo por traumatismo torácico operados (HMTT). Materiales y Método: Estudio analítico longitudinal. Período enero de 1981 a diciembre de 2018. Revisión prospectiva de base de datos, protocolos quirúrgicos y fichas clínicas. Descripción de características de HMTT. Se calcularon IGT: Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS-T), Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS). Para mortalidad se realizó análisis univariado con cálculo de Odds Ratio. Resultados: Total 4.306 traumatismos torácicos (TT), HMTT 119 (2,8%). Hombres 112 (94,1%), edad promedio 32 ± 13,2 años, 91 (76,5%) pacientes presentaron TT aislado, 28 (23,5%) asociado a lesiones extratorácicas, de estos, 23 (19,3%) fueron politraumatismos. Fueron traumatismos penetrantes 102 (85,7%). El HMTT se atribuyó principalmente a: lesión de pared en 38 (31,9%) y lesión pulmonar en 29 (24,4%). De las cirugías torácicas: 87 (73,1%) fueron urgentes (≤ 4 h), 10 (8,4%) precoces (> 4-24 h) y 22 (18,5%) diferidas (> 24 h). Hospitalización postoperatoria promedio 7,9 ± 6,4 días. Según IGT: ISS promedio 17,4 ± 9,6, RTS-T promedio 10,2 ± 2,7, TRISS promedio 12,7. Morbilidad 46 (38,7%) y mortalidad 15 (12,6%). Discusión: Los HMTT se atribuyeron principalmente a lesiones de pared y lesión pulmonar. En la mayoría se requirió cirugía torácica de urgencia. La mortalidad observada es semejante a la esperada según IGT. Existen variables asociadas a mayor mortalidad.


Introduction: Massive hemothorax (MH) can be defined as the sudden accumulation of ≥ 1500 ml of blood in the pleural cavity or debit ≥ 200 ml/h in 3-4 hours through pleurostomy, and it is considered a serious complication. Aim: To describe features, trauma severity indexes (TSI), morbidity and variables associated with mortality in patients with traumatic MH who required surgical treatment. Materials and Method: analytical longitudinal study. Period January 1981 to December 2018. Database, surgical protocols, medical records review. Description of MH characteristics. The following TSI were calculated: Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS-T), Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS). An Odds Ratio univariate analysis was used for mortality. Results: Total 4306 TT, operated MH 119 (2.8%). Men were 112 (94.1%), average age 32 ± 13.2 years, 91 (76.5%) had isolated TT, 28 (23.5%) were associated with extrathoracic injuries and of these 23 (19.3%) were polytraumatized patients. Penetrating TT was 102 (85.7%). MH was mainly attributed to: chest wall injury in 38 (31.9%), pulmonary lacerations 29 (24.4%). Of the thoracic surgeries: 87 (73.1%) were urgent (≤ 4 h), 10 (8.4%) early (> 4-24 h) and 22 (18.5%) deferred (> 24 h). Average post operatory stay (days): 7.9 ± 6.4 According to TSI: average ISS 17.4 ± 9.6; RTS-T average 10.2 ± 2.7; TRISS average 12.7. Morbidity 46 (38.7%). Mortality 15 (12.6%). Discussion: MH is mainly attributed to chest wall injuries and pulmonary lacerations. Most of HM required urgent thoracic surgery. The observed mortality is similar to that expected one by TSI. There are variables associated with higher mortality in MH.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracic Injuries , Trauma Severity Indices , Hemothorax/epidemiology , Longitudinal Studies , Morbidity
10.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 39(6): 416-418, June 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1012757

ABSTRACT

Mesothelioma is considered a malignant neoplasm caused by the proliferation of mesothelial cells mostly from the pleura, peritoneum and pericardium. Here we described a case of fatal hemothorax caused by pleural mesothelioma in a lion by means of necropsy, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Gross inspection of the thoracic cavity showed hemothorax with about 4 liters of blood. Microscopically, numerous, randomly distributed, soft, red-pink, irregular masses with up to 1cm in diameter were observed in both visceral and parietal pleurae. Microscopically, a papillary structure pattern was observed in the thoracic masses, composed mainly by one layer of cubic mesothelial cells, which presented eosinophilic cytoplasm, central nucleus and evident nucleolus, supported by a low cellular fibrovascularstroma. Neoplastic cells were positive for both cytokeratin and vimentin by immunohistochemistry. This seems to be the first report of fatal hemothorax caused by pleural mesothelioma in a lion.(AU)


O mesotelioma é considerado um neoplasma maligna causada pela proliferação de células mesoteliais, principalmente da pleura, peritôneo e pericárdio. O presente caso descreve os achados macroscópicos, microscópicos e imuno-histoquímicos do hemotórax fatal causado por um mesotelioma pleural em um leão. Macroscopicamente, na cavidade torácica, foi observado cerca de 4 litros de sangue. Além disso, foram observadas numerosas massas macias, vermelho-rosa, irregulares, com até 1cm de diâmetro e distribuídas aleatoriamente pelas pleuras parietal e visceral. Microscopicamente, as massas torácicas apresentavam estruturas papilares, compostas por uma camada de células mesoteliais, que apresentavam citoplasma eosinofílico, núcleo central e nucléolo evidente, suportada por um estroma fibrovascular pouco celular. A imuno-histoquímica foi positiva para ambas citoqueratina e vimentina nas células neoplásicas. Este trabalho descreve o que parece ser o primeiro relato de um hemotórax fatal causado por um mesotelioma pleural em um leão.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Hemothorax/diagnosis , Animals, Wild/abnormalities , Mesothelioma
11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 17(2): 106-109, abr.-jun. 2019. ilus., tab.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1026527

ABSTRACT

A endometriose torácica é uma forma de endometriose extrapélvica encontrada em tecidos pulmonares ou na pleura. Caracteriza- se clinicamente pela presença de pneumotórax catamenial, hemotórax catamenial, hemoptise e nódulos pulmonares. O pneumotórax catamenial é a manifestação mais frequente, sendo caracterizado pelo acúmulo recorrente de ar na cavidade torácica durante o período menstrual. Ocorre, geralmente, no hemitórax direito e possui maior incidência na faixa etária dos 30 aos 40 anos de idade. Nosso objetivo é descrever um caso de derrame pleural hemorrágico recorrente e pneumotórax espontâneo correlacionados ao período menstrual em paciente de 34 anos. (AU)


Thoracic endometriosis is a form of extrapelvic endometriosis found in pulmonary tissue or the pleura. Clinically, it is characterized by the presence of catamenial pneumothorax, catamenial hemothorax, hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules. The most frequent clinical presentation is catamenial pneumothorax, which is typified by a recurrent collection of air in the thoracic cavity occurring in conjunction with menstrual periods. It occurs more commonly on the right side and its highest incidence is between 30 and 40 years of age. Our objective is to describe a case of recurrent hemorrhagic pleural effusion and spontaneous pneumothorax correlated to the menstrual period in a 34-year-old patient. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Endometriosis/diagnosis , Hemopneumothorax/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pleural Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Progestins/therapeutic use , Thoracoscopy , Uterine Neoplasms/drug therapy , Uterine Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Radiography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Back Pain , Leiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Leiomyomatosis/diagnostic imaging , Pleurodesis , Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/therapeutic use , Cough , Diabetes Mellitus , Dyspnea , Endometriosis/drug therapy , Fever , Thoracentesis , Hemopneumothorax/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
12.
Repert. med. cir ; 28(1): 55-57, 2019. ilus.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1009673

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el hematoma mediastinal es una causa rara de complicación en el abordaje de la vía venosa central (VVC). Estudio de Gupta 2011 reportó uno y revisó varios casos clínicos analizando la conducta terapéutica. Caso clínico: mujer de 51 años con ventilación mecánica invasiva en terapia intensiva por encefalitis viral, que después de la colocación de VVC subclavia presentó inestabilidad hemodinámica, dificultad para ventilar con resistencias elevadas y compliance disminuida, hace paro cardiaco que revierte con maniobras, se precisa diagnóstico de hematoma mediastinal y se indica manejo conservador con el que evoluciona satisfactoriamente. Discusión: el hematoma de mediastino siempre debe sospecharse y es evidente en radiografías de tórax en los casos graves, con ensanchamiento mediastinal. La ventilación mecánica establece una presión positiva intratorácica permitiendo contener el hematoma, el manejo conservador se reporta beneficioso. Conociendo que las complicaciones de colocación de VVC son mínimas pero con elevado riesgo de inestabilidad, prolongación de hospitalización y aumento de la mortalidad, se recomienda evitar abordajes innecesarios, en especial subclavios.


Background: Mediastinal hematoma is an uncommon complication from the central venous access. The Gupta's trial 2011 reported one case and a review of other similar cases, 3 cases were treated with coil embolisation by vascular lesion, another 3 cases who needs thoracotomy for hemothorax complication and just 2 cases was established a conservative management in which only one survived. Clinical case: 51-year-old female in invasive mechanical ventilation admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) due to viral encephalitis, present hemodynamic instability and difficulty to ventilate by high resistance and low compliance after of a subclavian venous access, then complicated with cardiac arrest that reverted in 5 min with resuscitation maneuvers, we made a conservative management with continuous infusion of norepinephrine and invasive mechanical ventilation with protective technique (PEEP 10, TV6cc/kg), the requirements of norepinephrine decrease progressively, then the patient was disconnected from mechanical ventilation and was discharged from the intensive care satisfactorily. Discussion: Mediastinal hematoma should always be suspected and is evident with chest X-rays just when it is a severe case and it is suspicioned with wide mediastinum. Conservative management to this case into intensive care unit could be beneficial. Mechanical ventilation establishes a positive intra-thoracic pressure allowing the hematoma to be contained. Knowing that the complications of central venous access are minimal but these complications have high risk of instability, prolonged hospitalization and increased mortality. It is recommended avoid unnecessary central venous access, mainly subclavian access


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Mediastinal Diseases , Hemothorax , Hydrothorax , Mediastinum
13.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 46(2): e2121, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003094

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiológico do trauma torácico na região da Foz do Rio Itajaí, no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Métodos: estudo observacional, descritivo e prospectivo, realizado através de coleta de dados a partir de formulário pré-elaborado pelos pesquisadores e preenchido pela equipe responsável pelo atendimento em hospital de referência, entre junho de 2017 e maio de 2018. Resultados: foram analisados 119 formulários de pacientes vítimas de trauma torácico, dos quais 70,5% eram homens e 29,4% mulheres, com média de idade de 39,8 anos. Os atendimentos ocorreram geralmente no período diurno (67,9%), 30,2% dos pacientes chegaram ao serviço através de meios próprios e 52,9% após uma hora do trauma. Quanto aos exames admissionais, a maior parte das vítimas foi submetida exclusivamente à radiografia de tórax (67,2%). Houve prevalência de trauma torácico fechado (89%), tendo como principal mecanismo os acidentes com motocicleta (35,2%) e a lesão predominante foi a fratura de costela (42%). A maioria dos pacientes (53,8%) foi submetida a tratamento conservador. O tempo médio de internação foi de 2,6 dias e a taxa de óbito de 5%. Conclusão: o perfil dos pacientes com trauma torácico em Itajaí é de homens jovens, atendidos durante o dia, a maioria com fratura de costela, acometidos por trauma torácico fechado em decorrência de acidente de trânsito envolvendo motocicleta. A radiografia de tórax foi utilizada para a confirmação de grande parte dos diagnósticos e houve prevalência de tratamento conservador. O tempo de internação e taxa de óbito foram menores do que na literatura, o que pode ser explicado pelo alto índice de lesão muscular exclusiva.


ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of thoracic trauma in the region of Foz do Rio Itajai, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: observational, descriptive and prospective study performed through the collection of data starting with a form elaborated by researchers and filled in by the team in charge of a reference hospital between June 2017 and May 2018. Results: one hundred and nineteen forms from victims of thoracic trauma were analyzed, constituted of 70.5% male patients and 29.4% female patients, with an average of 39.8 years of age. Medical care happened mainly in daytime (67.9%), 30.2% of patients arriving by their own means, and 52.9% of patients one hour after suffering trauma. As to admission exams, most victims only went through chest X-ray (67.2%). There was a prevalence of closed thoracic trauma (89%), whose main cause was motorcycle accidents (35.2%) and the predominant lesion was rib fracture (42%). Most patients (53.8%) went through a conservative treatment. The average admission time was 2.6 days and the death rate was 5%. Conclusion: the profile of patients with thoracic trauma in Itajai comprises young men, admitted during the day, most of them presenting rib fracture, with closed thoracic trauma due to a road traffic accident involving a motorcycle. Chest X-ray were used to confirm most of the diagnoses, and there was a prevalence for conservative treatment. The admission time and the death rate were smaller than those cited in medical literature, which can be explained by the high index of exclusive muscular lesions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Thoracic Injuries/epidemiology , Thoracic Injuries/etiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
14.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 51(3): 211-216, jul.-set. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-979801

ABSTRACT

A poliangiite microscópica (PAM) é uma vasculite necrosante sistêmica pauci-imune associada ao anticorpo anticitoplasma de neutrófilos (ANCA) com preferência de pequenos vasos. Relato do caso: Relatamos o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 54 anos, que apresentou quadro de poliartrite migratória em punhos, joelhos e tornozelos associada à rigidez matinal progressiva, com histórico de "rash" malar, fotossensibilidade e alopecia. Progrediu ao longo do ano de 2017 com deterioração da função renal e hemorragia pulmonar, necessitando de cuidados intensivos. A biópsia renal sugeriu padrão compatível com glomerulonefrite pauci-imune e o diagnóstico de poliangiite microscópica foi aventado. Realizou pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona e ciclofosfamida, além de plasmaférese, recebendo alta após estabilização do quadro clínico. Importância do problema: O presente caso ilustra uma complicação incomum e de elevada morbimortalidade da PAM. A negatividade do ANCA dificultou o diagnóstico, sendo necessária a realização de biópsia renal com confirmação diagnóstica. A síndrome pulmão-rim apresenta evolução potencialmente fatal se não instituído precocemente o tratamento. (AU)


Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a pauci-immune systemic necrotizing vasculitis associated with neutrophil anti-cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) with a preference for small vessels. Case report: We report the case of a 54-year-old woman, who presented migratory polyarthritis in wrists, knees and ankles associated with progressive morning stiffness, with history of malar "rash", photosensitivity and alopecia. It progressed throughout the year of 2017 with deterioration of renal function and pulmonary hemorrhage, requiring intensive care. Renal biopsy suggested a pattern compatible with pauci-immune glomerulonephritis and the diagnosis of microscopic polyangiitis was suggested. She underwent pulse therapy with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, in addition to plasmapheresis, being discharged from hospital after stabilization of the clinical condition. Importance of the issue: The present case reveals an uncommon and high morbimortality complication of MPA. The negativity of the ANCA made diagnosis difficult, and a renal biopsy was necessary to confirm diagnosis. Lung-kidney syndrome is potentially fatal if the treatment is not instituted early. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Alveoli , Microscopic Polyangiitis , Glomerulonephritis , Hemorrhage , Hemothorax
15.
Biosalud ; 17(1): 31-39, ene.-jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-888583

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El hemotórax se define como la presencia de una colección sanguínea en el espacio pleural. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar si el manejo conservador no quirúrgico del hemotórax traumático es seguro. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, de una cohorte de pacientes que ingresaron con diagnóstico de trauma torácico complicado con hemotórax, desde enero de 2013 hasta diciembre de 2016, en la unidad de cirugía de tórax del Hospital Dr. Adolfo Pons del Instituto Venezolano de los Seguros Sociales (IVSS) de Maracaibo, Venezuela. Se evaluaron 150 pacientes; la edad promedio fue de 30,9 años (rango entre 24-65 años), con predominio del sexo masculino (85,2%). En la mayoría de los casos, el traumatismo torácico fue no penetrante (60%) y las causas más frecuentes fueron heridas por proyectil de arma de fuego (48%), accidente de tránsito (26,6%) y heridas por arma blanca (25,3%). El hemitórax derecho fue el más afectado (53,3%); el volumen de sangre drenada se clasificó en leve (25,3%), moderada (70,6%) y masiva (3,9%). El tratamiento efectuado de primera intención en el 80% de los casos fue la toracotomía cerrada con sonda pleural (tubo 24 Fr). Sin embargo, en el 13,3% de los pacientes fue necesario realizar cirugía abierta sobre el espacio pleural (toracotomía exploradora). La evolución de los pacientes fue satisfactoria en el 100% de los casos. Conclusión: La toracotomía cerrada con sondaje pleural juega un papel básico en el tratamiento no quirúrgico inicial, siendo un procedimiento conservador seguro en estos pacientes, pero donde se debe tener en cuenta las condiciones clínicas del paciente, a fin de disminuir complicaciones y las muertes asociadas.


ABSTRACT The hemothorax is defined as the presence of a collection of blood in the pleural space. The objective of this research was to determine if conservative nonsurgical management of traumatic hemothorax is safe. A descriptive and prospective study of a cohort of patients admitted with a diagnosis of chest trauma complicated with hemothorax was carried out from January 2013 to December 2016, in the Thorax Surgery Unit at the Hospital Dr. Adolfo Pons of the Instituto Venezolano de los Seguros Sociales (IVSS) in Maracaibo, Venezuela. A total of 150 patients were evaluated, the mean age was 30.9 years (range 24-65 years), with a predominance in males 85.2%. In most cases, the thoracic trauma was non-penetrating (60%), and the most frequent cause was bullet wounds (48%), car accident (26.6%), and bladed weapon wounds (25.3%). The right hemithorax was the most affected (53.3%). The volume of drained blood was classified in mild (25.3%), moderate (70.6%) and massive (3.9%). The treatment carried out in the first intention, in the 80% of the cases, was closed thoracostomy with a pleural catheter (24 Fr). However, in 13.3% of patients, it was necessary to perform open surgery on the pleural space (exploratory thoracostomy). The evolution of the patients was satisfactory in a 100% of the cases. Conclusion: The closed thoracostomy with pleural catheter plays a basic role in the initial nonsurgical treatment, being a safe, conservative procedure in these patients. However, the patient clinical condition should be taken into account to decrease complications and associated deaths.

16.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 33(1): 47-51, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-905301

ABSTRACT

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la presencia de la coagulación del hemotórax como un fenómeno temprano y visible por ecografía, en los pacientes con derrame posterior al trauma de tórax. Se evaluaron, de manera descriptiva y prospectiva, las características clínicas y ecográficas de los pacientes que presentaron hemotórax o hemoneumotórax traumático, entre enero de 2011 y marzo de 2014. Se practicó ecografía de tórax a 68 pacientes que presentaron este tipo de lesiones y se encontró la presencia temprana de coágulos en 9 de ellos, de los cuales solo uno presento hemotórax retenido como complicación. El 1/9 de los pacientes con coágulos desarrollan hemotórax coagulado, en tanto que 4/59 de aquellos sin coágulos lo desarrollan (riesgo relativo, RR=1,65; IC95% 0,20-1,31). Se concluyó que no había relación entre la aparición temprana de coágulos y el desarrollo de hemotórax. Se requieren estudios con un mayor número de pacientes para demostrar esta asociación


The objective of this study was to determine the presence of retained clotted hemothorax as an early phenomenon visible by ultrasound in patients with pleural effusion posterior to thoracic trauma. We prospectively and descriptively assessed the clinical and ultrasound characteristics of patients who presented traumatic hemothorax or hemopneumothorax in the period January 2011 to March 2014. Ultrasound was performed on 68 patients with this type of injury, and early clots were found in nine patients, of whom only one developed retained hemothorax. We conclude that there is no direct relation between the occurrence of blood clots in the early hemothorax and the development of retained clotted hemothorax. Studies with large numbers of patients are required to demonstrate this association


Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracic Injuries , Diagnostic Imaging , Early Diagnosis , Hemothorax
17.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 34(1): 55-58, 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959408

ABSTRACT

Resumen El secuestro pulmonar es una malformación pulmonar rara, presentándose generalmente en edades tempranas. Se presenta mayoritariamente con neumonías e infecciones repetidas, distrés respiratorio y falla cardíaca; raramente en pacientes de mayor edad se presenta con hemoptisis y dolor torácico. En este artículo se describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 60 años de edad que se presenta con un infarto de un secuestro pulmonar y hemotórax.


Bronchopulmonary sequestration is a rare pulmonary malformation, usually occurring at an early age. It presents mainly with pneumonia and repetitive infections, respiratory distress and heart failure; rarely in aged patients presents with hemoptysis and chest pain. This article describes the clinical case of a 60-year-old male patient who presented an ischemic pulmonary sequestration and hemothorax.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Chest Pain/etiology , Bronchopulmonary Sequestration/complications , Bronchopulmonary Sequestration/diagnostic imaging , Hemothorax , Chest Pain/diagnosis , Chest Pain/therapy , Radiography, Thoracic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Bronchopulmonary Sequestration/surgery , Hemoptysis
18.
Rev. bioméd. (México) ; 27(3): 119-126, sep.-dic. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041931

ABSTRACT

Resumen La sospecha de hemotórax inicia con una historia clínica adecuada, particularmente, el padecimiento actual, por ejemplo, casos con trauma torácico. El paso inicial de la evaluación es diferenciar los derrames pleurales hemorrágicos de los verdaderos hemotórax. Confirmar el diagnóstico de manera temprana es fundamental, dado que, conforme progresan las fases de organización del coágulo, se van desarrollando adherencias entre la superficie del parénquima pulmonar y la pleura parietal, aspecto que dificulta evacuarlo mediante drenaje pleural convencional. La radiografía de tórax continúa siendo el estudio complementario inicial, sin embargo, es importante realizar estudios adicionales que permitan orientar la decisión terapéutica; la elección del análisis paraclínico puede justificarse con base en la experiencia y disponibilidad de recursos en el centro de atención. La instalación del tratamiento primario es crucial e inicia con el drenaje de la cavidad torácica vía sonda pleural en la mayoría de los casos; el uso de fibrinolíticos se considera de segunda línea y particularmente en hemotórax coagulado o casos que tienen riesgos significativos de complicaciones al someterse a un procedimiento quirúrgico mayor (Por ejemplo. decorticación). Las complicaciones se pueden disminuir al sistematizar el enfoque diagnóstico-terapéutico.


Abstract Initial approach of cases with suspected hemothorax begins with a complete clinical history (eg. recent thoracic trauma). The first step is to differentiate hemorrhagic pleural effusion of true hemothorax; then, prompt diagnosis is essential. We must keep in mind, as time progresses, the clot firmly adheres to the lung and pleural surface making it difficult to treat; therefore, any delay in this process diminishes the opportunity to evacuate the hemothorax through conventional thoracostomy with chest tube insertion and pleural drainage. Chest X-ray still the initial study, however, complementary tests should be performed in order to guide therapeutic decisions. The choice must be justified on local availability and experience. Undoubtedly, primary evacuation is mandatory; fibrinolytics are reserved as second-line treatment, also can be considered in coagulated hemothorax or patients who are at a high risk of surgical complications. In order to diminish any morbidity it is advisable to perform a systematic diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

19.
Neumol. pediátr. (En línea) ; 11(4): 185-192, oct. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-835079

ABSTRACT

Thoracic trauma is the second cause of death for trauma in children. It is caused by mechanisms of high energy, principally motor vehicle collision. Multisystemic injuries are frequent. Management involves knowledge and understanding the anatomy, physiologyand the mechanism of the injuries, their change at different ages and the difference from adults. Pediatric chest trauma is caused mainly by contusion and there is increasing penetrating trauma in adolescents. The most common injuries are pulmonary contusion, hemothorax and pneumothorax with rib fractures. Airway, great vessels and heart injuries are rare but very serious. Most of thoracic injuries are solved by respiratory and hemodynamic support measurements, and tube thoracostomy. It is vital to recognize, in initial evaluation, those potentially lethal injuries, which give no time for radiological evaluation.


El traumatismo torácico es la segunda causa de muerte por trauma en niños. Es causado por mecanismos de alta energía, principalmente accidentes de tránsito, siendo frecuentes las lesiones multisistémicas, lo que aumenta su gravedad. Un manejo adecuado requiere conocer y entender como la anatomía, fisiología y los patrones de las lesiones cambian a distintas edades y difieren del comportamiento en adultos. Los traumatismos de tórax pediátricos son mayormente contusos aumentando los traumatismos penetrantes en adolescentes. Las lesiones más comunes son la contusión pulmonar, hemotórax, neumotórax y fracturas costales las cuales pueden coexistir. Las lesiones de vía aérea, corazón y grandes vasos son raras pero muy graves. La mayoría de los traumatismos torácicos se resuelven con medidas de soporte hemodinámico, respiratorio y drenaje pleural. Es vital reconocer en evaluación inicial aquellas lesiones potencialmente letales, que no dan tiempo a evaluación radiológica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Hemothorax , Pneumothorax , Thoracostomy , Thoracic Injuries/classification
20.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 55(2): 0-0, abr.-jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-791490

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el trauma torácico constituye una causa frecuente de mortalidad temprana y tardía que ocurre en 25 por ciento del total de lesionados. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento clínico-epidemiológico de los lesionados con diagnóstico de hemoneumotórax traumático. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, longitudinal retrospectivo, que incluyó 357 lesionados con diagnóstico de hemoneumotórax traumático, ingresados en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Universitario General Calixto García desde el 1 de enero de 2012 hasta 31 de diciembre de 2014. Se incluyeron variables como: edad, sexo, causa del trauma, atención médica prehospitalaria y hospitalaria, índice de gravedad de la lesión, lesiones asociadas, estadía hospitalaria y estado al egreso. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino (78,1 por ciento ) y la edad de 20 a 39 años (26,0 por ciento ). Los accidentes de tránsito fueron la principal causa del trauma y la gravedad se incrementó por la presencia de traumas raquimedulares y choque hipovolémico. Los lesionados clasificados como moderados según el índice de gravedad de la lesión fueron 53,3 por ciento. Los lesionados que llegaron al hospital una a dos horas de ocurrido el trauma fueron 41,2 por ciento. La estadía hospitalaria con mayor número de egresados vivos fue entre cuatro y cinco días. Los fallecimientos ocurrieron en su mayoría después de los siete días. Las lesiones asociadas y la descompensación de las enfermedades crónicas fueron las responsables del mayor número de fallecidos (n= 46 12,9 por ciento). Conclusiones: las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los lesionados con hemoneumotórax traumático coinciden con las reportadas por estudios nacionales e internacionales(AU)


Introduction: thoracic trauma is a common cause for early and late mortality, occurring in 25 percent of all injured patients. Objective: to characterize the clinical and epidemiological behavior of the injured patients with traumatic hemo-pneumothorax. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal study was carried out, involving 357 injured patients diagnosed with traumatic hemo-pneumothorax and admitted to the general surgery service at General Calixto García University Hospital from January 1, 2012 until December 31, 2014. The variables included were age, sex, cause for trauma, pre-hospital and hospital care, severity rate of injury, associated injuries, hospital stay and discharge status. Results: there was a predominance of males (78.1 percent ) and of ages 20-39 years (26.0 percent ). Traffic accidents were the main cause for trauma and severity increased by the presence of hypovolemic shock trauma and spinal cord injuries. According to the injury severity index, 53.3 percent of the injured patients were classified as moderate. 41.2 percent of the injured patients arrived at the hospital 1-2 hours after the trauma. The hospital stays for highest number of admitted alive was between four and five days. The deaths occurred mostly after seven days. Associated injuries and decompensation of chronic diseases were causes for the largest amount of deaths (12.9 percent , n= 46). Conclusions: the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the injured patients with traumatic hemo-pneumothorax match those reported by national and international studies(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Pneumothorax/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/mortality
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